كَيْفَ وَإِن يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ لَا يَرْقُبُوا فِيكُمْ إِلًّا وَلَا ذِمَّةً ۚ يُرْضُونَكُم بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَتَأْبَىٰ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ
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How? When if you are overpowered by them, they regard not the ties, either of kinship,
('Ill') or of covenant
(Dhimmah)? With their mouths they please you, but their hearts are averse to you, and most of them are rebellious
(8)
Allah encourages the believers to show enmity to the idolators and to dissociate from them, affirming that they do not deserve to enjoy a covenant of peace, because of their Shirk in Allah and disbelief in Allah's Messenger ﷺ.
If these disbelievers have a chance to defeat Muslims, they will cause great mischief, leave nothing unharmed, disregard the ties of kinship and the sanctity of their vows. 'Ali bin Abi Talhah, 'Ikrimah and Al-'Awfi narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said, "'Ill' means kinship, while, Dhimmah means covenant." Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi said similarly.
