أَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَلَا تَكُونُوا مِنَ الْمُخْسِرِينَ
١٨١
وَزِنُوا بِالْقِسْطَاسِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ
١٨٢
وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَاءَهُمْ وَلَا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ
١٨٣
وَاتَّقُوا الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ وَالْجِبِلَّةَ الْأَوَّلِينَ
١٨٤
"Give full measure, and cause no loss
(to others).
(181)
"And weigh with the true and straight balance.
(182)
"And defraud not people by reducing their things, nor do evil, making corruption and mischief in the land.
(183)
"And have Taqwa of Him Who created you and the generations of the men of old.
(184)
The Command to Give Full Measure
Allah commanded them to give full measure, and forbade them to give short measure. He said:
أَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَلَا تَكُونُوا مِنَ الْمُخْسِرِينَ
(Give full measure, and cause no loss.) meaning, 'when you give to people, give them full measure, and do not cause loss to them by giving them short measure, while taking full measure when you are the ones who are taking. Give as you take, and take as you give.'
وَزِنُوا بِالْقِسْطَاسِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ
(And weigh with the true and straight balance.) The balance is the scales.
وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَاءَهُمْ
(And defraud not people by reducing their things,) means, do not shortchange them.
وَلَا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ
(nor do evil, making corruption and mischief in the land.) means, by engaging in banditry. This is like the Ayah,
وَلَا تَقْعُدُوا بِكُلِّ صِرَاطٍ تُوعِدُونَ
(And sit not on every road, threatening) (7:86).
وَاتَّقُوا الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ وَالْجِبِلَّةَ الْأَوَّلِينَ
(And have Taqwa of Him Who created you and the generations of the men of old.) Here he is frightening them with the punishment of Allah Who created them and created their forefathers. This is like when Musa, peace be upon him, said:
رَبُّكُمْ وَرَبُّ آبَائِكُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
(Your Lord and the Lord of your ancient fathers!) (26:26). Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, As-Suddi, Sufyan bin 'Uyaynah and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said:
وَالْجِبِلَّةَ الْأَوَّلِينَ
(the generations of the men of old.) means, He created the early generations. And Ibn Zayd recited:
وَلَقَدْ أَضَلَّ مِنكُمْ جِبِلًّا كَثِيرًا
(And indeed he (Shaytan) did lead astray a great multitude of you) (36:62).
